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Mutual Consent Divorce Petition Format under Section 13B HMA

Section 13B, Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, read with Sections 14, 19 and 23; Section 7, Family Courts Act, 1984

Free sample · Word, print and copy · Updated

Sample format, not legal advice. This is a sample format for general information. It is not legal advice and does not create a lawyer–client relationship. Facts, court practice, court fees and stamp duty differ by state and by case. Check the current law and your local court rules, or speak to an advocate, before you file, send or sign it.

A mutual consent divorce petition is a joint petition filed by a husband and wife who agree that their marriage should end. Under Section 13B of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 (HMA), both spouses must show three things: they have lived separately for one year or more, they have not been able to live together, and they have mutually agreed to dissolve the marriage. The HMA applies to Hindus, Buddhists, Jains and Sikhs.

The petition is filed in two stages. The first motion (this format) is presented by both spouses and their statements are recorded. The court then waits at least six months, and the spouses must make a second motion within eighteen months of filing, after which the decree is passed. This is different from a contested divorce under Section 13, where one spouse proves a ground such as cruelty or desertion against the other. Marriages under the Special Marriage Act, 1954 use Section 28 of that Act instead.

Filed before
Family Court, or the District Court where no Family Court exists, chosen under Section 19 HMA
Filed by
Both spouses jointly; both sign the petition and appear in person
Pre-condition
Living separately for one year or more before filing
Time frame
Second motion not earlier than 6 months and not later than 18 months from filing; the 6 months can be waived in fit cases
Court fee
Nominal; amount fixed by state court-fee law
Settlement
Alimony, stridhan, custody and pending cases should be settled before filing

When to use this format

  • Both spouses agree to end the marriage and have settled alimony, stridhan, custody and property questions.
  • The spouses have lived apart, without cohabiting, for at least one year before the date of filing.
  • The marriage was solemnised under the Hindu Marriage Act (the spouses are Hindu, Buddhist, Jain or Sikh).
  • Cases filed against each other (maintenance, domestic violence, Section 85 BNS or dowry cases) are to be closed as part of a settlement.
  • If you have already filed the first motion and want to skip the six-month wait, use the application to waive the cooling-off period.

Joint petition for divorce by mutual consent (first motion)

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Replace everything in [square brackets] with your own details. Delete lines that do not apply.

IN THE COURT OF THE [PRINCIPAL JUDGE, FAMILY COURT / DISTRICT JUDGE], [PLACE], [STATE]

HMA Petition No. ______ of [YEAR]

IN THE MATTER OF:

[HUSBAND'S FULL NAME]
S/o [FATHER'S NAME]
Aged about [AGE] years
Occupation: [OCCUPATION]
R/o [FULL RESIDENTIAL ADDRESS WITH PIN]
Mobile: [MOBILE NUMBER] | Email: [EMAIL]
... Petitioner No. 1

AND

[WIFE'S FULL NAME]
D/o [FATHER'S NAME]
Aged about [AGE] years
Occupation: [OCCUPATION]
R/o [FULL RESIDENTIAL ADDRESS WITH PIN]
Mobile: [MOBILE NUMBER] | Email: [EMAIL]
... Petitioner No. 2

JOINT PETITION UNDER SECTION 13B(1) OF THE HINDU MARRIAGE ACT, 1955 FOR DISSOLUTION OF MARRIAGE BY A DECREE OF DIVORCE BY MUTUAL CONSENT

MOST RESPECTFULLY SHOWETH:

1. That the marriage between Petitioner No. 1 and Petitioner No. 2 was solemnised on [DATE OF MARRIAGE] at [PLACE OF MARRIAGE] according to Hindu rites and ceremonies. [The marriage was registered with [REGISTRAR / OFFICE] vide Certificate No. [NUMBER] dated [DATE].] A copy of the [MARRIAGE CERTIFICATE / WEDDING PHOTOGRAPH / INVITATION CARD] is annexed as Annexure P-1.

2. That both Petitioners are Hindus by religion and were Hindus on the date of the marriage. The status of the Petitioners at the time of marriage was: Petitioner No. 1 — [UNMARRIED / DIVORCEE / WIDOWER]; Petitioner No. 2 — [UNMARRIED / DIVORCEE / WIDOW].

3. That after the marriage the Petitioners lived together as husband and wife at [ADDRESS], and last resided together at [ADDRESS OF LAST JOINT RESIDENCE] till [DATE].

4. That [NO CHILD WAS BORN OF THE MARRIAGE] / [THE FOLLOWING CHILD(REN) WERE BORN OF THE MARRIAGE: [NAME], born on [DATE OF BIRTH], presently residing with [PETITIONER NO. 1 / PETITIONER NO. 2]].

5. That owing to differences in temperament and outlook, the Petitioners could not live together. They have been living separately since [DATE OF SEPARATION], that is, for a period of more than one year before the presentation of this petition, and have not lived together as husband and wife or cohabited at any time since that date.

6. That the Petitioners have not been able to live together, and all efforts made by family members, well-wishers [and the mediation centre at [PLACE]] to bring about a reconciliation have failed. There is no possibility of the Petitioners living together again.

7. That the Petitioners have mutually agreed that their marriage should be dissolved by a decree of divorce by mutual consent. They have settled all their claims against each other on the following terms:

(a) Permanent alimony: Petitioner No. 1 shall pay Petitioner No. 2 a total sum of Rs. [AMOUNT] (Rupees [AMOUNT IN WORDS] only) towards permanent alimony and full and final settlement of all past, present and future claims of maintenance, as follows: Rs. [AMOUNT] by [DEMAND DRAFT / BANK TRANSFER] on the date of recording of statements on this petition, and the balance Rs. [AMOUNT] on the date of recording of statements on the second motion. [OR: Neither Petitioner claims any alimony or maintenance from the other.]

(b) Stridhan and articles: [ALL STRIDHAN, JEWELLERY AND ARTICLES OF PETITIONER NO. 2 HAVE BEEN RETURNED / SHALL BE RETURNED ON [DATE] AS PER THE LIST ANNEXED AS ANNEXURE P-2], and nothing remains due from either side.

(c) Custody of child(ren): Permanent custody of [CHILD'S NAME] shall remain with [PETITIONER NO. 1 / PETITIONER NO. 2]. The other Petitioner shall have visitation rights on [DAYS / ARRANGEMENT] and may speak to the child by phone or video call at reasonable times. [CHILD SUPPORT ARRANGEMENT, IF ANY.] [OR: Not applicable.]

(d) Joint property and accounts: [DETAILS OF HOW ANY JOINT FLAT, LOAN, BANK ACCOUNT, LOCKER OR INVESTMENT WILL BE DIVIDED OR CLOSED].

(e) Pending cases: The Petitioners shall withdraw the following cases filed against each other within [NUMBER] days of the decree, or jointly seek their quashing: [CASE NUMBER, COURT AND PROVISION / NONE].

(f) After the decree, neither Petitioner shall have any claim of any nature against the other or against the other's family members, and neither shall file any complaint or case against the other in respect of the marriage.

8. That the mutual consent of the Petitioners has not been obtained by force, fraud or undue influence. This petition is not presented or prosecuted in collusion with each other, and there has been no unnecessary or improper delay in filing it.

9. That no other petition between the Petitioners for divorce, judicial separation, restitution of conjugal rights or nullity of marriage has been filed or is pending in any court. [OR: Give details of such petition and state that it will be withdrawn.]

10. That this Hon'ble Court has jurisdiction under Section 19 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 [and Section 7 of the Family Courts Act, 1984], as [THE MARRIAGE WAS SOLEMNISED / THE PETITIONERS LAST RESIDED TOGETHER / PETITIONER NO. 2 (THE WIFE) RESIDES] at [PLACE], which is within the territorial limits of this Court.

11. That more than one year has elapsed since the date of the marriage.

12. That the prescribed court fee of Rs. [AMOUNT] has been affixed on this petition.

PRAYER

It is therefore most respectfully prayed that this Hon'ble Court may be pleased to:

(a) record the statements of the Petitioners on this first motion, and, on a motion to be made by both Petitioners not earlier than six months and not later than eighteen months from the date of presentation of this petition [or earlier, if the waiting period is waived on a separate application], pass a decree of divorce dissolving the marriage solemnised between the Petitioners on [DATE OF MARRIAGE] under Section 13B of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955;

(b) take the terms of settlement in paragraph 7 on record and make them part of the decree; and

(c) pass any other order that this Hon'ble Court considers just and proper.

[SIGNATURE]
Petitioner No. 1
[NAME]

[SIGNATURE]
Petitioner No. 2
[NAME]

Through Counsel:
[ADVOCATE FOR PETITIONER NO. 1], Enrolment No. [NUMBER]
[ADVOCATE FOR PETITIONER NO. 2], Enrolment No. [NUMBER]
[CHAMBER ADDRESS AND MOBILE NUMBER]

Place: [PLACE]
Date: [DATE]

VERIFICATION

We, the above-named Petitioners, verify at [PLACE] on [DATE] that the contents of paragraphs 1 to 12 of this petition are true and correct to our knowledge and belief, that nothing material has been concealed, and that we have signed this petition of our own free will after understanding its contents.

[SIGNATURE]
Petitioner No. 1

[SIGNATURE]
Petitioner No. 2

How to fill it in

  1. Pick the right courtUnder Section 19 HMA you may file where the marriage was solemnised, where the spouses last lived together, or where the wife now resides (she is a petitioner in a joint petition). Whether the husband's present residence alone is enough in a joint petition is treated differently by different courts, so if in doubt choose one of these three places. If a Family Court has been set up for that area, it alone has jurisdiction.
  2. Check the one-year separationCount the one year of separate living up to the date of filing, not the date of hearing. Separate living means not living as husband and wife; spouses under one roof but leading separate lives may still qualify, but explain this clearly in paragraph 5.
  3. Write the settlement in fullParagraph 7 is the heart of the petition. State the exact alimony amount, how and when it will be paid, what happens to stridhan, custody and visitation, joint loans and pending cases. Vague terms lead to disputes at the second motion.
  4. Split payments across both motionsIt is common to pay part of the alimony at the first motion and the rest at the second motion. This protects both sides if one spouse withdraws consent in between.
  5. Both spouses sign and verifyEach spouse signs every page and the verification. Each usually files a separate affidavit supporting the petition. Many courts also need each spouse's photographs and identity proof.
  6. Appear for recording of statementsBoth spouses must appear on the first date so the court can record their statements. Some courts refer the parties to mediation or counselling before recording statements.
  7. File the second motion on timeDiary the date six months after filing and the outer limit of eighteen months. Both spouses must appear again and confirm that their consent continues, after which the court passes the decree.

Documents to attach

  • Marriage certificate, or wedding photographs and invitation card if the marriage was not registered
  • Address proof of both spouses (for jurisdiction)
  • Identity proof and recent passport-size photographs of both spouses
  • Separate supporting affidavit of each spouse
  • Proof of separate residence since the date of separation (rent agreement, utility bill, employer letter), where available
  • List of stridhan and articles returned or to be returned, signed by both
  • Birth certificates of children, if custody is part of the settlement
  • Copies of pending cases between the spouses that are to be withdrawn
  • Vakalatnama of each spouse's advocate

Second motion and the six-month waiting period

The second motion is a short joint statement filed after six months (and within eighteen months) of presenting the first motion. It states that the spouses have not reconciled, that their consent continues, that the first instalment of alimony has been paid, and asks the court to pass the decree. Both spouses appear and their statements are recorded again.

In Amardeep Singh v. Harveen Kaur (2017) the Supreme Court held that the six-month period in Section 13B(2) is directory, not mandatory. The court may waive it where the spouses had already lived apart for eighteen months before the first motion, mediation has failed, all issues including alimony and custody are settled, and waiting would only prolong their suffering. See the cooling-off waiver application format.

Common mistakes

  • Filing before the spouses have lived apart for a full year, which makes the petition premature.
  • Leaving the settlement terms vague ("alimony as agreed"), which invites disputes at the second motion.
  • Paying the entire alimony at the first motion, before consent is confirmed at the second motion.
  • Missing the eighteen-month outer limit for the second motion.
  • Not listing cases pending between the spouses, so they stay alive after the divorce.
  • Filing in a court that has no jurisdiction under Section 19 HMA, or in a civil court where a Family Court exists.

Frequently asked questions

How long does a mutual consent divorce take?
Ordinarily at least six months from filing the first motion, because the second motion cannot be made earlier. If the court waives the waiting period under Amardeep Singh v. Harveen Kaur (2017), it can be finished in a few weeks. Court workload also matters.
Can one spouse withdraw consent after the first motion?
Yes. Consent must continue until the decree is passed. The Supreme Court held in Sureshta Devi v. Om Prakash (1991) that either spouse may withdraw consent before the decree, and the court cannot then pass a decree under Section 13B.
Do both spouses have to appear in court?
Yes, the court must record the statements of both spouses at both motions. Many Family Courts allow a spouse living abroad or in another city to appear by video conferencing on an application; check the local practice.
Can the Supreme Court grant divorce directly by mutual consent?
In Shilpa Sailesh v. Varun Sreenivasan (2023), a Constitution Bench held that the Supreme Court can dissolve a marriage under Article 142 of the Constitution where it has broken down irretrievably, and can dispense with the procedure under Section 13B. This power belongs only to the Supreme Court and is used in pending matters before it.
Is this format valid for Christians, Parsis or Special Marriage Act marriages?
No, the section number and conditions differ. Marriages under the Special Marriage Act use Section 28 of that Act (one year of separation). Christians file under Section 10A of the Divorce Act, 1869, which needs two years of separation, and Parsis under Section 32B of the Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936.
Is a notarised divorce agreement enough without going to court?
No. A Hindu marriage can be dissolved only by a decree of a competent court. A private divorce deed or notarised agreement does not end the marriage, though the settlement terms can be placed before the court in the petition.

Reminder: This is a sample format for general information. It is not legal advice and does not create a lawyer–client relationship. Facts, court practice, court fees and stamp duty differ by state and by case. Check the current law and your local court rules, or speak to an advocate, before you file, send or sign it. Spotted an error? Tell us.